Plants – from germination to aging – depend on and are affected by the presence of catalysts

/in /by

Plants – from germination to aging – depend on and are affected by the presence of catalysts and growth inhibitors (plant “hormones”) that monitor the normal development of the plant, the intercellular communication and processes essential for the proper maintenance of the various plant organelles.

Plants – from germination to aging – depend on and are affected by the presence of catalysts

346 Extended Botany B – Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Question: growth inhibitors and growth catalysts (20 points)
Plants – from germination to aging – depend on and are affected by the presence of catalysts and growth inhibitors (plant “hormones”) that monitor the normal development of the plant, the intercellular communication and processes essential for the proper maintenance of the various plant organelles.

You need to:
a.       Describe the mechanism of action of catalysts in the following processes (up to half a page to one):
1. Firstly, With leg length elongation / light dependency – IAA: cells
2. Secondly, Centrality – ABA mechanism of action, interactions with – GA: germinating the different sperm parts
3. Thirdly, Cytokinins and toxins – their importance in plant genetic engineering.
b. Further, Find an article from the last 5 years – dealing with proteins involved in auxin’s polar transition in plants (PIN, AUX or other). Also, Describe (up to half a page) the new findings – the article must be mentioned (full reference – including authors, where the article appeared in the newspaper, a year’s volume and pages) on which they were based.

Question 2: Photosynthesis – the light absorption phase (20 points)

The protein complexes that participate in photosynthetic electron transfer and photophosphorylation are in plant thylakoid membranes
(I) And cyanobacteria (II) Are also provided in the attached schemas.
1.       Firstly, Indicate whether there are differences (and if so, what they are) between the plant and cyanobacteria systems (up to half a page).
2.       Secondly, Describe (up to half a page) – the evolutionary evolution (from cyanobacteria to plants) – of these systems.
3.       Thirdly, Choose one of the complexes in the illustration and describe its three-dimensional structure, its activity and the ablative development that was applicable (if applicable). (Up to one page).

 

Question 3: Plant Environment – Nitrogen Fixation, Co2 Absorption and Metals and Water Vitality (20 points)
In plants, special mechanisms have been developed to ensure the absorption of components that the plant cannot produce itself.
Carbon dioxide and nitrogen – an example of such components.
The enzymes involved in their absorption are:

You need to:
1. Firstly, Describe the active groups that enable the activity of each of the enzymes
2. Secondly, Pay particular attention to the involvement of these groups in the activity and their relation to proteins.
3. Thirdly, Specify the differences in carbon dioxide fixation for nitrogen fixation in plants. Also, do environmental conditions affect the activity of each of the enzymes?
• Further, Please write up to one page for each enzyme – add illustrations!

Question 4: Plant-Environmental Relations – Light and its Impact (20 points)