Formative research external validity reliability construct validity summative evaluation formative evaluation

Formative research external validity reliability construct validity summative evaluation formative evaluation

Make sure to answer each questions read through the books all the answers are there do not google. Each question is worth 1 point so please answer them very well.

Make sure to answer each questions read through the books

Make sure to answer each questions read through the books all the answers are there do not google. Each question is worth 1 point so please answer them very well.

QUESTION 1
Likert’s technique is probably the most common form of scale measurement used in the social sciences today.
True
False

QUESTION 2
Qualitative variables often involve an ordering of values that represent differing amounts, frequencies or degrees.
True
False

QUESTION 3
Validity of a measure indicates the extent to which the scale or index will produce similar results over multiple administrations.
True
False

Question4
Reliability refers to the extent to which the scale or index measures what it is supposed to measure. True
False

QUESTION 5

Program Evaluation is a program activity, not scientific research.
True
False

QUESTION 6
Stakeholders’ input is critical to the success of the evaluation.
True
False

QUESTION 7
Program evaluation requires the use of research methods to assess whether health promotion programs are effective.
True
False

QUESTION 8
Impact evaluation and outcome evaluation are synonymous.
True
False

QUESTION 9
Both summative and formative evaluations are appropriate at all stages of program development.
True
False

QUESTION 10

Culturally competent program evaluation helps us understand the beliefs that guide the behavior of a specific community.
True
False

QUESTION 11
Construct validity refers to
Firstly, whether the items of a measure appear to measure what it is supposed to
Secondly, whether the items of a measure perform the way the theory states
Thirdly, whether the items adequately represent the universe of all possible indicators relevant for the construct.
Fourthly, whether the items represent a census of items underlying the construct.

QUESTION 12
Formative research occurs

Firstly, Before the study
Secondly, During the study
Thirdly, Midway through the study
Fourthly, After the study

QUESTION 13
External validity examines
Firstly, How to implement study in another group
Secondly, Consistency of implementation of study protocols
Thirdly,  Whether outside factors influence the study results
Fourthly, Generalizability of the study findings

QUESTION 14

Outcome evaluation examines
a. Whether a program can be replicated in another community
b. Whether a program made a change in the targeted health outcome
c. Health benefits and cost of a program
d. Whether a program is appropriate for a target population

QUESTION 15

You are developing an intervention to promote physical activity among older adults.  Before you develop your intervention, you conduct focus groups with your target population and identify that they are most strongly influenced by what their friends and family think about which activities are most appropriate for people their age.  Which theory would be the best fit in this situation?

Firstly, Health Belief Model

Secondly, Theory of Planned Behavior

Thirdly, Social Cognitive Theory

Lastly, Trans-theoretical Model of Change

QUESTION 16
As you develop a health promotion intervention, you discover that your target population does not view the health issue as being of concern to them despite the research showing that it dramatically reduces quality of life for members of this population.  Which theory would be the best fit in this situation?

Firstly, Health Belief Model

Secondly, Theory of Planned Behavior

Thirdly, Social Cognitive Theory

Fourthly, Transtheoretical Model of Change

QUESTION 17

Working with your community to assess the best approach to increase bike riding within the community, you identify the following goals: to teach people about the benefits of bike riding and how to ride; to help people gain confidence in their bike riding ability; and to create protected bike lanes on the main streets of the community.  Which theory would be the best fit in this situation?

Firstly, Health Belief Model

Secondly, Theory of Planned Behavior

Thirdly, Social Cognitive Theory

Lastly, Transtheoretical Model of Change

QUESTION 18
A survey found that many community members believe that developing diabetes is a normal part of aging.  Which theoretical construct might be helpful in developing an intervention to address this misconception?
Firstly,  Behavioral Intention
Secondly,  Perceived Susceptibility
Thirdly, Self-Efficacy
Fourthly,  Reliability
Lastly,  All of the above

QUESTION 19

Which theory or model would be best to use to develop an intervention at the community level?
a. Theory of Planned Behavior
b. Transtheoretical Model of Change
c. Diffusion of Innovations
d. Health Belief Model
e. None of the above

QUESTION 20

The following is a theory-based approach to improve a person’s self-efficacy:
a. Guide someone through performing the behavior.
b. Have a someone model the behavior through role-playing.
c. Provide an opportunity for the person to be able to practice the behavior in a safe environment.
d. Have a person practice techniques to calm themselves if they feel nervous performing the behavior.
e. All of the above.

QUESTION 21
The Socioecological Model and Social Cognitive Theory have the following in common
a. Both use self-efficacy as a key construct.
b. Both focus primarily on individual determinants of behavior.
c. Both focus primarily on environmental determinants of behavior.
d. Both take into consideration factors within the individual and factors operating outside the individual.
e. None of the above

QUESTION 22
Which theory or theories do(es) NOT include the concept of self-efficacy as one of the constructs?

Firstly, Health Belief Model

Seondly, Transtheoretical Model of Change

Thirdly, Theory of Planned Behavior

Further, Social Cognitive Theory

Lastly, All of the above