Nursing Research Primary vs Secondary Sources

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Nursing Research Primary vs Secondary Sources

Identify the difference between a primary and a secondary source in literature. Pick any topic for your research proposal, give one example from the research reports that you are using for that topic.
Examine the references from one of the research reports that you are using in this topic. Evaluate the range of dates used in the report.
In PDF form, attach the abstracts from the three research reports that you will use in designing your proposal.

Family relationships and effect on school performance

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Family relationships and effect on school performance

This paper is about Family relationships and how it affects a childs well being. To begin your paper, follow the following advice: “To give your writing the most important thing of all—namely, …

Family relationships and how it affects a childs well being

To begin your paper, follow the following advice: “To give your writing the most important thing of all—namely, a point—a writer needs to indicate clearly not only what his or her thesis is, but also what larger conversation that thesis is responding to”. In this case, the conversation you’re responding to is the one surrounding your issue. Further, indicate at the beginning of your paper that you’re writing in response to that conversation; then state a thesis that consists of your claim and also supporting reasons.

More details;

The purpose of this chapter is to present the analysis of a number of family-based factors that can influence child well-being. We are presently witnessing a worsening position for children, of different degrees and intensities, in various parts of the world. This is a consequence not only of the financial crisis currently ravaging many Western nations, it is also a result of the deterioration of the economic and social conditions of young parents with low education and of their children in the last decades.

Although there is evidence of welfare state regimes having a positive impact on the outcomes for children in terms of enhanced social cohesion and reduction of poverty as a result of resource redistribution, it is not clear yet what aspects of material conditions really matter for achieving other dimensions of well-being. Family policies should also be based on a child-centered perspective. Lastly, one way this can be done is through mainstreaming standard evaluation of policy outcomes in terms of child well-being.

Cause of Divorce in the US – Research topic of interest

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Cause of Divorce in the US – Research topic of interest

This paper focuses on Cause of Domestic Violence in the US. Develop a research paper on a topic of interest. Research and describe this topic. Apply the theories and ideas learned from class to this topic.

Cause of Divorce in the US – Research topic of interest

Cause of Divorce in the US
Learning Objectives:
Firstly, Develop a research paper on a topic of interest.

Secondly, Research and describe this topic.

Thirdly,  Apply the theories and ideas learned from class to this topic.

Fourthly, Analyze the topic based on the theories and ideas learned in class.

Instructions:
You will need to pick a topic that interests you.

This topic should be a sociological issue or social problem that is of interest to you.

You should research this topic to find out more about it through reputable news sources, peer reviewed journal articles, etc.

Then you will pick three of the theories discussed in class and apply them to this topic, analyzing the topic through the lens of each theory.

For example, you could discuss how Structural Functionalism, Critical Theory, and Critical Race theory would approach and analyze the black lives matter movement.

The point would be to describe what each theory would say about the topic.

Firstly, You will need to compare and contrast how these theories would analyze your chosen topic highlighting what you think each theory does well and what each theory does not do so well.

Secondly, You would then conclude by describing which theory or theories you think fit best, which theory or theories do not fit as well, and why.

Lastly, You will need to use at least 10 sources. Some of these will come from class readings on the three theories you wish to use while others will come from the background readings you will need to do in order to properly describe the topic.

Finally, Your paper should be 9-12 pages in length, Times New Roman, 12-point font, and 1-inch margins.

Why many marriages fail in the US?

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Why many marriages fail in the US?

This paper focuses on Cause of Domestic Violence in the US. Develop a research paper on a topic of interest. Research and describe this topic. Apply the theories and ideas learned from class to this topic.

Cause of Domestic Violence in the US-topic of interest

Cause of Domestic Violence in the US
Learning Objectives:
Firstly, Develop a research paper on a topic of interest.

Secondly, Research and describe this topic.

Thirdly,  Apply the theories and ideas learned from class to this topic.

Fourthly, Analyze the topic based on the theories and ideas learned in class.

Instructions:
You will need to pick a topic that interests you.

This topic should be a sociological issue or social problem that is of interest to you.

You should research this topic to find out more about it through reputable news sources, peer reviewed journal articles, etc.

Then you will pick three of the theories discussed in class and apply them to this topic, analyzing the topic through the lens of each theory.

For example, you could discuss how Structural Functionalism, Critical Theory, and Critical Race theory would approach and analyze the black lives matter movement.

The point would be to describe what each theory would say about the topic.

Firstly, You will need to compare and contrast how these theories would analyze your chosen topic highlighting what you think each theory does well and what each theory does not do so well.

Secondly, You would then conclude by describing which theory or theories you think fit best, which theory or theories do not fit as well, and why.

Lastly, You will need to use at least 10 sources. Some of these will come from class readings on the three theories you wish to use while others will come from the background readings you will need to do in order to properly describe the topic.

Finally, Your paper should be 9-12 pages in length, Times New Roman, 12-point font, and 1-inch margins.

Bivariate Feature Selection Support vector machines

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Bivariate Feature Selection Support vector machines

This essay entails a paper on the Multivariate Feature Selection and the Support vector machines in making calculations for data typesetting. Multivariate Feature Selection occurs where there is a need to select the different types of problems to be solved by a specific item in mathematics.

Multivariate Feature Selection Support vector machines

Firstly, write in details about following with examples. Descriptive analytics. Predictive analytics. Prescriptive analytics 2. Write theory and mathematics of following algorithms. Multivariate Feature Selection. Random forests. Neural Network. Support vector machines

Secondly, mathematical modelling, simulation and optimization Note: Cite referenced materials. Use Dataset at : https://www.kaggle.com/jpacse/telecom-churn-new-cell2cell-dataset Note: use Python as language Descriptive analytics 1. Perform univariate data exploration and comment on results.

Also, perform bi-variate data exploration and comment on results. Which attributes predict churn behavior? Discuss on finding. Predictive analytics. Perform multivariate feature selection and comment on results. Build predictive models using Random Forests, Neural Network and Support Vector Machines.

Furthermore, the application of gene expression data to the diagnosis and classification of cancer has become a hot issue in the field of cancer classification.

Furthermore, Gene expression data usually contains a large number of tumor-free data and has the characteristics of high dimensions.

Consequtively, in order to select determinant genes related to breast cancer from the initial gene expression data, we propose a new feature selection method, namely, support vector machine based on recursive feature elimination and parameter optimization.

Also, the grid search (GS) algorithm, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and the genetic algorithm (GA) are applied to search the optimal parameters in the feature selection process. The application of gene expression data to the diagnosis and classification of cancer has become a hot issue in the field of cancer classification. Gene expression data usually contains a large number of tumor-free data and has the characteristics of high dimensions.

Gene determinant

Thirdly, in order to select determinant genes related to breast cancer from the initial gene expression data, we propose a new feature selection method, namely, support vector machine based on recursive feature elimination and parameter optimization (SVM-RFE-PO).

Lastly, discuss on performance of the models and compare the models. Prescriptive analytics 6. Run mathematical modelling, simulation and optimization technique to optimize customer retention (or avoid churn). Comment on results.

Reflection of capstone project

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Reflection of capstone project

In this reflection-introduce your professor to your project. Speak about the pro and con sides of the controversy, and present your thesis statement. Then, consider some of the following questions as you reflect upon the road so far.

In this reflection-introduce your professor to your project

In this reflection, introduce your professor to your project. Speak about the pro and con sides of the controversy, and present your thesis statement.

Then, consider some of the following questions as you reflect upon the road so far.

If you want to, explain a little bit about your process.

What have you experienced so far in writing your paper?

Was it difficult or fairly easy to come up with your design?

Do you feel confident about your progress so far?

How do you feel about your thesis statement?

What would you like to do in revisions?

What step seems the most difficult or the easiest for you?

More details;

Pros and Cons of Controversial Issues

The goal of ProCon.org – Pros and Cons of Controversial Issues is to promote “critical thinking, education, and informed citizenship by presenting controversial issues in a straightforward, nonpartisan, primarily pro-con format.” Currently, the website lists 55 controversial issues under these headings:

Firstly, Education,

Secondly, Elections and Presidents,

Thirdly, Health and Medicine,

Fourthly, Media and Entertainment,

Further, Politics, Religion,

Additionally, Science and Technology,

Also, Sex and Gender,

Moreover, Sports, and

Lastly, World/International.

Issues covered include standardized tests, teacher tenure, abortion, right to health care, video games and violence, insider trading by Congress, death penalty, illegal immigration, cell phones, and gay marriage. Current issues are regularly updated. Archived issues are not.

Teachers’ Corner features lesson plan ideas and lists national teaching standards. It provides a rationale for teaching critical thinking with controversial issues.

Your journal entry must be at least 200 words. No references or citations are necessary

Process of completing research project

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Process of completing research project

This is an assignment that focuses to explain how the process of completing your research project.The paper requires research from reading articles from news.

Explain how the process of completing your research project

This assignment will be submitted to Turnitin.
Task: Explain how the process of completing your research project has affected your understanding of an issue or event in society.
Length:
Sources: Cite any sources you use in APA format.
Outcomes you should achieve by completing this assignment
Firstly, organize information clearly in an explanatory essay (Course outcomes 1 and 2)
Secondly, use an introduction paragraph with a thesis statement and a concluding paragraph to frame an essay (Course outcomes 1 and 2)
Lastly, demonstrate accurate grammar and mechanics in writing (Course outcome 3)

Topic
You began your research project by reading an article from the news about a current issue (ransomware) or event in society. Your goal in this essay is to explain to your professor how the research and writing you have done for your research project changed your understanding of that issue or event. You will also explain what changes occurred in your understanding and how those changes occurred.
Here are some questions you can consider in developing ideas for your essay:
·        What changes occurred in your understanding?
Do you know more about the issue/event now than you did before? (Probably!)
Do you look at the issue/event from a different perspective following your research?

Have you reconsidered opinions or assumptions that you held at the beginning of the semester?
·        How did those changes occur?
Which sources from your research had the greatest effect on your understanding?
Subsequently, did the process of writing about your topic affect the way you thought about it?
What role did interaction with your classmates and/or professor play in your understanding of your topic?

Organizing and supporting your essay

Your essay must include an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.
The introduction should gain your reader’s attention, orient the reader to your topic, and state your thesis.
The body of the essay should include focused body paragraphs in support of your thesis statement. Additionally, there are various ways you might choose to organize information in the body of your essay. Here are some suggestions you can consider:
However, you might focus each body paragraph on a step of the research process and how that step affected your understanding of the issue/event.

You might focus each body paragraph on your understanding at a particular time relative to the research process (before, during, after).
·        You might focus each body paragraph on a particular aspect of the issue/event and explain how your understanding of that aspect developed during your research.
The essay’s conclusion should answer the question “So what?” by placing the essay’s explanations into a larger context. To accomplish this, you can consider addressing one or more of these questions:
·        Will your current understanding of your event/issue affect your future actions or decisions? If so, how?
·        What lessons—about interpreting current events, about your field of study, about the research process—can be drawn from the experience of completing the research project?
·        Is research of the sort done in WRTG 112 a worthwhile activity? Why or why not?

Research abilities to research using scholarly sources

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Research abilities to research using scholarly sources

The purposes of each case study assignment include the following: To hone your abilities to research using scholarly sources. To advance critical thinking and writing skills.

To hone your abilities to research using scholarly sources

The purposes of each case study assignment include the following:

Firstly, To hone your abilities to research using scholarly sources

Secondly, To advance critical thinking and writing skills

Thirdly, To compile a response to the prompts provided

Fourthly, To explore a historical topic and make connections to change over time

Instructions
Pick one (1) of the following topics. Then, address the corresponding questions/prompts for your selected topic. Use at least one (1) documented example of the corresponding primary source in your writing.

Option 1:
The American System, Transportation, and Communication

Read the following primary source:
Link (website): Of Debates in Congress (Clay’s Debate of the American System in 1832) (Links to an external site.) (Click on “Next Image” to see all pages of the debate: pp.258-262.)

Then, address the following:
Describe the idea of Henry Clay’s “American System.”

Based on Clay’s economic vision of America, analyze how the American System would build the American market and economy?

Analyze the role of mechanization and communication in the American System.

Option 2:

The Indian Removal Act of 1830

Read the following primary source:

Link (website): Transcript of President Andrew Jackson’s Message to Congress ‘On Indian Removal’ (1830)
(Links to an external site.)

Then, address the following:

Evaluate the rationale that President Jackson used in the removal of the Native Americans from east of the
Mississippi River. Did the removal have the intended impact?

Identify the responsibilities given to the President under the Indian Removal Act of 1830.

Compare Jackson’s actions toward Native Americans in the context of his First Inaugural Address with the path of events during the Trail of Tears.

Determine if the removal of the Native Americans from east of the Mississippi River violate the principles found in the Declaration of Independence?

Option 3:
The Abolitionist Movement
Read the following primary source:
Link (website): Declaration of Sentiments of American Anti-Slavery Society (1833) (Links to an external site.)
(Click on arrows to view all images of the document. Click on plus and minus signs to enlarge or reduce size of images.)
Then, address the following:

Assess if abolitionists were responsible reformers or irresponsible agitators?

Explain how abolitionists upheld the Declaration of Independence as the foundation of antislavery and abolitionist thought.

Assess the effect of the Gag Rule on the Abolitionist Movement.

Analyze how the women’s rights movement would gain momentum from the antislavery movement.

Hypothesis testing and statistical analyses for clinical research

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Hypothesis testing and statistical analyses for clinical research

This is an assignment that focuses on the Hypothesis testing and statistical analyses for clinical research. The paper also explains the difference between null and alternate hypothesis.

Hypothesis testing and statistical analyses for clinical research

Assignment 2: Hypothesis testing and statistical analyses
This is the second of 3 formative assignments for Clinical Research Methods II, and counts 60% towards your semester mark.
Plagiarism: You must include a plagiarism declaration after your title page. Your assignment will automatically be submitted to Turnitin when you submit.  You will have a maximum of three submission attempts.
Formatting: Please use Arial, size 10 font with normal margins, 1.15 line spacing, UK or SA English and also justified paragraphs.  You must also include a title page clearly indicating the name of the assignment, your full name and student number and the course code.  Additionally, you must include a plagiarism declaration after your title page. Make sure you use the correct numbers to indicate your answers i.e. make sure they correspond to the question number. Where applicable, please use the Vancouver referencing style.

Questions:
1.      Part 1: Hypothesis testing (15 marks)

1.1.   Explain in your own words what the difference is between the null and alternate hypothesis, and why we say that research studies aim to disprove rather than prove a hypothesis.                                                                                                                                                             (5 marks)

1.2.   You would like to test whether a simple intervention, such as allocating an emergency stock of pre-numbered/pre-labelled patient folders, will improve patient throughput in the emergency department during a mass incident.  Turn this into a research question using the PICO format (list each of the PICO elements AND write out your research question in full) and then generate the null and alternate hypotheses that you will test.
(10 marks)

Hypothesis testing and statistical analyses for clinical research

2.      Part 2: Statistical analyses (65 marks)

2.1.   In your own words, explain the difference between parametric and non-parametric methods of data analysis. However, in your explanation make sure you describe what is meant by the term “parameter”, how it is different to “variables” and how this relates to choosing the most appropriate statistical test.                                                                                                 (8 marks)

2.2.   Describe the distinguishing characteristics of the normal/Gaussian distribution.      (5 marks)

2.3.   Explain how you differentiate the Independent variable from the Dependent variable. (2 marks)

2.4.   For each of the following research scenarios:
(i)               Firstly, list the independent variable, and indicate what type of data it is                   (2 marks)
(ii)              Secondly, list the dependent variable, and indicate what type of data it is                      (2 marks)
(iii)            Thirdly, use the table provided (Appendix 1) to look up the most appropriate statistical test                    (2 marks)
(iv)            Fourthly, explain in your own words what your chosen statistical test does?                  (2 marks)

2.4.1  Little is known about the association between the duration of prehospital CPR by emergency medical services and outcomes among paediatric patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs). This study included a large sample of paediatric patients with OHCAs before EMS arrival who were transported to medical institutions after resuscitation by bystanders or EMS personnel. You want to compare mean prehospital CPR duration (defined as the time from CPR initiation to the time of prehospital return of spontaneous circulation or to the time of hospital arrival) between patients with a favourable outcome at 1-month versus those with an unfavourable outcome at 1-month.
(Adapted from this paper: DOI: 10.1186/s13049-019-0658-7)

Hypothesis testing and statistical analyses for clinical research

2.4.2  The objective of this study was to identify differences in the diurnal timing of NSTEMI versus STEMI presentations in the emergency department.  Retrospective records of patients with myocardial infarctions presenting to an emergency department were retrieved for the years 2013-2017. NSTEMI and STEMI cases were identified based on diagnosis codes, and also arrival times to the emergency department were categorized into 4 time periods (12AM – 5:59AM, 6AM – 11:59AM, 12PM – 5:59PM, 6PM – 11:59PM)
(Adapted from this paper: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.08.036)

2.4.3. You have a young colleague who started work with you 2 weeks ago. Also, you admire their eagerness and work ethic, and hope they won’t burn out too soon. You start to wonder whether measures of burnout differ by levels of experience. To measure levels of burnout, you will use a series of statements for which colleagues can choose a number on a 5-point Likert scale (ranging between strongly agree and strongly disagree), and you will compare these between colleagues who joined the service less than 2 years ago, those who have been in the service 2-5 years, and those who have been there more than 5 years.

2.4.4.  Consequently, you want to investigate the relationship between birth weight (in kgs) and body-mass index (BMI) in adolescence. You recruit a sample of 16-19 year olds and measure their current height and weight, and obtain their confirmed birth weight from patient records.

2.5.   Statistical testing is largely about helping us objectively decide whether the differences we observe in our datasets are real or due to chance.
2.5.1. Explain, in your own words, what a p-value indicates                                              (2 marks)
2.5.2. Also, what are some of the limitations of the p-value?                                                     (5 marks)
2.5.3. How do we address the issue of uncertainty when we present our results.       (3 marks)

Developing a research question surveying archives

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Developing a research question surveying archives

This is an assignment that focuses on the surveying the archives and developing an research question. The paper also determines the research method and conduction.

Surveying the archives and developing an research question

Step 1: Survey the archives

In order to make it a little easier to find what professional writers have said about the research process, we’ll be starting with a couple of archives of essays by and interviews with published authors:

New York Times’ “Writers on Writing.” This is a series of essays written by professional writers about topics related to writing. http://www.nytimes.com/books/specials/writers.html
Interviews with writers from the Paris Review. The Paris Review is a literary journal that has a deep archive of interviews with famous writers. http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews
New York times’ “Why I Write.” In 2011, the Times asked seven journalists similar questions about their background with and approach to writing. http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/17/why-i-write-q-and-a-with-seven-times-journalists/

You can find sources that aren’t in these archives, if you wish, but these should provide you with a good start.

Take a little while to browse through the archives.

Step 2: Develop a research question

After you have familiarized yourself with the archives, you should develop a specific research question for the assignment.

As you are thinking about your research question, look over your classmates’ responses to discussion question 1, are there any topics there that strike a chord with you? Think back, too, over the work you’ve done in step one. Did you notice any patterns as you were skimming the archives or did any particular response strike you as work exploring further?

The best questions are narrow without being simplistic and arise out of a genuine sense of curiosity. You want your search to be manageable, but you also want to make sure that your search results help your reader develop a more complex understanding of a topic related to the writing process.

Surveying the archives and developing an research question

Here are some ideas to get you started:
Did one of your classmates ask a question you’ve always wanted to know more about?
Is there some element of writing you’ve always struggled with?
Did you see any ideas in the archive that struck you as particularly odd or interesting?
Also, did you notice any trends or patterns in the archives (similar ideas that came up multiple times)?
Did you spot any tensions in the archives. (maybe writers seemed to have different opinions about something or maybe different kinds of writers thought differently about process)?
Did any ideas in the archives resonate with your own experience. (maybe you always listen to music when you write and you are interested in whether or not professional do, too)?
Did you notice any attitudes or approaches to writing that may have changed over time?
Step 3: Determine a research method and conduct research.

Once you have your research question, you need to figure out the best way to find the answer.

In some cases, for instance, you may find that you are interested in one particular author, so you may have to go to other sources to find out more about that person. Or you may want to survey as much data as possible, so searching for key words on multiple pages (using Ctrl-F) might be the way to go. Or you may want to find a couple of representative examples to compare and contrast.

Each approach requires different sources. You may only use one part of one archive, while in others you might use all the archives. Or you might find that you need to move beyond the archives to find information.

Once you’ve found the method that works best for you. Dive in. Make sure you take good notes and always keep track of what sources your information is coming from. A lot of instances of plagiarism come from poor notetaking in the research phase of an assignment.