Whitney -Describe the clonal selection process,

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Whitney -Describe the clonal selection process, including the intercellular collaborations that result in the production of effector and memory cells.

Whitney -Describe the clonal selection process

Firstly, Whitney -Describe the clonal selection process, including the intercellular collaborations that result in the production of effector and memory cells.

Apa 7th edition. Finally, do not use direct quotes.

More details;

What are effector and memory cells?

Following antigenic stimulation, naïve CD8+ T cells can differentiate into ‘effector’ cells that produce inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic molecules and into ‘memory’ cells, which are capable of an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with their cognate antigen.

Background

Infection or stimulation of the innate immune system by nonspecific microbial antigens is thought to educate the immune system to respond appropriately to allergens, preventing allergy.

Objective

To determine the immunologic pathways that might explain how infection/microbial exposure inhibits allergic sensitization.

Methods

Immunologic studies of non-antigen-specific functions of CD8 memory cells, their maturation in vivo, also their effects in a mouse asthma model, to test the hypothesis that CD8 memory is shape by innate immunity in a way that can inhibit allergic disease.

Results

We found that CD8 memory T-cell (CD8 Tm) populations bridge innate and adaptive immunity by responding to either antigen or cytokines alone. CD8 Tm populations partially subvert the clonal selection process by activating their neighbors through induction of dendritic cell IL-12. Stimulation of innate or acquired immunity in the lung or gut causes expansion/maturation of CD8 Tm populations, which provide an early source of cytokines, enhance TH1 immunity, also inhibit allergic sensitization and airway inflammation/hyperresponsiveness in a non-antigen-specific fashion.

Conclusion

CD8 T-cell–mediated immune memory is long-lived and also can retain its capacity for rapid cytokine release in a nonantigen-specific fashion. This novel type of memory enhances TH1 over TH2 immunity. Also, prevents allergic sensitization after exposure to environmental antigens or infection.

Keywords: 
CD8 T cell, immunologic memory, innate immunity, allergy, TH1/TH2, dendritic cell, IL-12